The threat to the security of LAN / WAN can be categorized into 3 major groups:
(1) threats from people,
(2) the threat of viruses and malware, and
(3) physical threats.
A. The threat of people
Apparently the threat to the security of LAN / WAN that most frequently occur that cause damage / disruption is larger and more expensive cost is due to human factors. Most of mainly are "insiders", such as employees who are making errors because of negligence and employees who are not honest or not satisfied. Only a small part caused by "outsiders" such as hackers, competitors and / or other organizations.
1. System administration errors: set-up includes fault, configuration, administration or operation of LAN system, failure to back-up and access control is weak. This has the potential to cause loss of confidentiality, integrity and availability of data.
2. PC operation error: includes all the omissions and mistakes made during the operation of PC / LAN, such as the use of log-on / password that is not in place, accidentally deleting files or back-up is not perfect. This has the potential to cause loss of data confidentiality and reduce the value of system capabilities.
3. Software programming errors: includes all the bugs, non-kompatibelan and other problems associated with the development or maintenance of the LAN. This has the potential to cause degradation, disruption and decline LAN capabilities.
4. Disclosure of data is not precise: can be defined as information which has lost confidence in the value of a LAN without the appropriate sanctions, such as due to carelessness or due to accidents. This has the potential to cause violations of policies and regulations are made, the limited access rights of individuals, to embarrass the organization and to eliminate the confidence of shareholders.
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5. The inappropriate use of resources: resource includes the organization of employment of illegal and / or using outside resources into the organization's internal network. This has the potential to spread viruses and copyright infringement.
6. Fraud and embezzlement: eg abolition of the record company's assets illegally through fraud / manipulation of internal controls, files or data, using a LAN network. This has the potential to cause errors payment to other parties and financial losses.
7. Modifying the data: in question is the change in illegal data, with the motivation of personal gain, fanaticism, the feeling of frustration toward the tasks, or sabotage. The highest risk comes from disgruntled employees. This has the potential to cause loss of data integrity and error in decision making.
8. Change of software: software in question is the replacement of illegally with the motivation of dissatisfaction, personal gain or feelings of frustration towards the task. This is potentially cause errors in running process and degrade the quality of production.
9. Theft of computer assets: including data deletion illegal and theft of hardware or computer software. This has the potential to cause loss of important data and company secrets.
B. The threat from viruses and malware
Computer viruses are now so many good kinds, shapes and how its spread. Cause serious damage and often unexpected against the system, data or programs. A computer virus works with 2 principle is to copy oneself, and then infects the computer before executing the program command that exists in the virus. Commands in the virus program depends on the purpose of the creator of the virus, can be directly executed to destroy or wait time / particular event.
The same kind of malicious program is a Trojan horse virus and network worm. Generally known as malicious software or malware (malicious software). This program is often created as a masquerade, which seems a useful program, so that the user is often tempted to copy and use them together. Using a good antivirus program will minimize and prevent spreading the virus attack.
C. Physical threats
Physical threat to the security of LAN / WAN are generally grouped:
1. Disruption / disconnection of electric current: power outage (although briefly) a sudden or instability (jump) the electric current can cause operational disruption LAN. Potentially cause damage to computer components, data input, as well as other consequences because of sudden system shutdown.
2. Hardware damage: includes all types of failure of computer components / LAN, such as disk crashes, corrupted or damaged cooling fan port. Potentially result in damage and loss of data integrity, processing time is interrupted, obstructed LAN services as well as decrease the ability.
3. Damage caused by fire or water: the floods or fires that swept the room / building where the system is going to ruin all the assets and resources LAN. The potential losses are very large and to recover costs, manpower and time is not small. It has a Computer Emergency and Recovery System Plan will help reduce the cost and time required in the recovery.
4. Other physical threats: including bad weather such as air temperature is too hot, too humid, water droplets or chemical contamination; physical attacks such as bombings, terrorist attacks, sabotage, riots or vandals; and natural disasters such as lightning strikes, earthquakes or volcanic erupted.
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